Standard Solar Spectra זוגות של תאי שמש מרובי צמתים עם פיצול ספקטראלי הפתרון: תאים רב שכבתיים. אלי שיפמן SRS-

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1 זוגות של תאי שמש מרובי צמתים עם פיצול ספקטראלי אלי שיפמן SRS- 1 Standard Solar Spectra תא סולרי חד ש כבתי המנצל את כל הספ קטרום נותן מתח נמוך. תא המפ יק מתח גבוה אינו מנצל את כל הספקטרום. הפתרון: תאים רב שכבתיים. 2

2 Terrestrial Solar Cells Goals are both Higher Efficiencies and Higher Concentration Increase number of Band Gaps for higher efficiency Increase Concentration level for higher efficiency 3 Typical 3J solar cell 4

3 Energy Production per day of cells with 4,5 and 6 junction calculated by Spectrolab and found significantly higher than 3-Junction 6J Delivers 25% More Power Than 3J 5 MJ Cells Given Real Material Constraints. What Are the Options? 6

4 Increasing Number of Junctions by Growing Lattice Mismatched Junctions גידול גבישי עם אי-התאמה מבנית- קשה לביצוע, יקרה וסביר שבעלת יציבות מבנית נמוכה לאורך זמן. 7 Increasing Number of Junctions by Bonding 2 separated MJ cells 8

5 מגבל ו ת תא סו לרי רב שכבת י י ח יד קושי טכני לגדל מספר רב מדי של שכבות בצורה מדויקת. הפסדים הנובעים מהסתר בין שכבתי. העדר חמרים הדרושים לגידול גבישי עם התאמה מבנית רציפה גורם לויתור על חלקים מהספקטרום. ריכוז הקרינה הסולרית כולה, בתא בודד גורמת לטמפרטורת ע בודה גבוהה ולהקטנ ת הנצילות. 9 Spectral splitting Sirius - Solar Concentrating Module With Dual Cells Goal: Over 40% Hybrid Multijunction Cells for over 33% Efficient PV Concentrator Panel. Approach: Cassegrain PV Module with dichroic secondary and two focal regions, one for near-visible and second for IR. (patent pending) Conclusion: Cassegrain PV module makes achieving near ideal efficiencies for 3J and 4J cells practical. (40% near term with InGaP/GaAs-GaSb). Ideal efficiency for hybrid 3J cells = 2J + 1J is 47% Ideal efficiency for hybrid 4J cells = 2J + 2J is 57%. Cassegrain PV Module GaSb GaSb IR IR Cell Cell InGaP/GaAs InGaP/GaAs 2J Cell 2J Cell 33% Efficient PV Module

6 Sirius heat management advantage Dual Multi Junction Solar cells with spectral splitting Are Delivering more at Operating Temperature %Efficiency Today Amps ID1 GaSb ID2 4-1 FF =.720 Voc =.518 Isc = 8.00 Imax = 7.28 Vmax =.41 Pmax = 3.0 W GaSb Cell Volts Amps Cassegrain DJ On-Sun Isc 6.32 amps Voc 2.71 volts FF Pmax watts Imax 6.08 amps Vmax 2.37 volts NIP 0.92 suns PSP 1.06 suns RefCell 1.00 suns Volts נציל ות המ ערכ ת בט מפרט ורת הע בוד ה!!! 31% 12

7 Sirius DJ delivers similar to TJ with Twice the Concentration and ⅓ the T התפוקה של TJ עם עדשת פרנל משתווה לזו של DJ בלבד עם מראה דיכרואית(מפצלת). כ- 26% 7 Cassegrain DJ On-Sun T =12.5C T =39.1C 6 Amps Isc 6.32 amps Voc 2.71 volts FF Pmax watts Imax 6.08 amps Vmax 2.37 volts NIP 0.92 suns PSP 1.06 suns RefCell 1.00 suns Uncorrected efficiency 26.1% Volts 13 Sirius Versus Monolithic TJ השוואה עבור תפוקה דומה כ- 26% בין TJ לבין DJ בלבד ריכוז X550 כנגד X1200 הניתן להכפלה ויותר. 39C T מעלות כנגד 12C מעלות, המאפשר הגדלת הריכוז. תא TJ גדול, מסובך ויקר כנגד DJ קטן, פשוט וזול. פוטנציאל להגדלת התפוקה הכללית של המערכת, בכ- 25%, בעלות שולית נמוכה של תוספת תא IR בלבד. 14

8 מהו פוטנציאל הגדלת הריכוז בתא סולרי? DJ Commercial High Power LED are operating at an equivalent Power of 10,000 Suns Similar Technology to III/V CPV Cells 0.5W CM² 15 Path to Affordable Solar Power High Cell Efficiency, which leverage on the entire field cost. Higher Concentration for higher efficiency, lower module cost and greater availability. הנצי לות קובעת!! הגודל קובע!! הוזלת מחיר התא הסולרי ב- 50% מוזילה את המערכת ב- 25% בלבד. הגדלת הנצילות ב- 50% מוזילה את המערכת גם כן בכ- 50%. SIRIUS מאפשרת שימוש בתאים זולים יותר ובנצילות גבוהה יותר. זאת באמצעות השקעה שולית נמוכה, יחסית לתמורה, במערכת אופטית מתוחכמת. In 1997 USA/DOE Study Showed HCPV modules can reach $1/Watt at 40% cell efficiency

9 Future Cost Driving the CPV המטרה: יצור חשמל מאנרגיה סולרית בהיקפים של TERAWATTS צוואר הבקבוק: תאים סולריים רב שכבתיים- חוסר בחמרי גלם ובכושר יצור. הפתרון : 1.ריכוז גבוה ביותר של קרינה סולרית (מעל X3000) להקטנה משמעותית של שטח התאים. 2. שימוש בתאים פשוטים יחסית, בניצולת משותפת גבוהה. השיטה: פיצול ספקטראלי במערכת קסגריאנית,(SIRIUS) המסוגלת להשיג ריכוזים גבוהים ויחד עם זאת להגיע לנצילות גבוהה בטמפרטורת עבודה נמוכה. 17 מסקנות: תאים סולריים מסוג TJ הפועלים על כל הספקטרום, מותאמים היטב לשימוש בחלל אך אינם נותנים פתרון טוב לשימוש קרקעי. ה- Ge המשמש ליצור החשמל ב- TJ, מסבך משמעותית את מבנה התא הסולרי ובסופו של יום אינו תורם רבות עקב התחממות יתר, או לחילופין מגביל את המתכננים בעצמת הריכוז. פיצול ספקטראלי מאפשר: 1. מגוון רחב יותר של חמרים פוטו וולטאיים הניתנים לבחירה. 2. מאפשר ריכוז גבוה יותר של קרינה ועל כן שימוש נכון יותר במשאבי הטבע המוגבלים. 3. מאפשר שימוש בתאים פשוטים יותר ליצור מבלי לפגוע בנצילות הכוללת. SIRIUS הינה מערכת המאפשרת בצורה פשוטה ויעילה לבצע פיצול ספקטראלי על ידי: 1. ניהול מבוקר של כל ערוץ בנפרד, הן מבחינת ריכוז והן מבחינת ניהול אנרגיה. 2. מערכת אטומה וקלה לתחזוקה. 3. מערכת אופטית המסוגלת להגיע לריכוזים גבוהים בעלויות נמוכות. 4. חלון זכוכית העומד בתנאי מדבר קשים. הבע יה כ יו ם א יננ ה עקר וני ת, ז א ת הוכ ח בדג ם ה מע בדת י, אך עד יין נ דרשת ע בו דה רב ה הן באופטימ י זצי ה של ה מערכ ת ו הן בשי טו ת יצ ור ו הר כבה וז א ת על מנ ת להשיג א ת ה יע דים הכלכלי ים.

10 תודה רבה. SIRIUS 19

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